Food and Health
Section 1
A. Choose the correct option.
1. The main components of food are
a. fats. [ ]
b. carbohydrates. [ ]
c. proteins. [ ]
d. All of these. [✓]
2. Oil, milk, butter and cheese mainly contain
a. roughage. [ ]
b. fats. [✓]
c. proteins. [ ]
d. vitamins. [ ]
3. Which among these is not a lifestyle disease?
a. Diabetes. [ ]
b. Anaemia. [ ]
c. Scurvy. [✓]
d. Obesity. [ ]
4. Rickets is caused due to the lack of
a. vitamin A. [ ]
b. vitamin B. [ ]
c. vitamin C. [ ]
d. vitamin D. [✓]
5. Goitre occurs due to the lack of
a. calcium. [ ]
b. iron . [ ]
c. iodine. [✓]
d. none of these. [ ]
6. Which among these is not an adulterant?
a. Milk. [✓]
b. Chalk Powder. [ ]
c. Marble Chips. [ ]
d. None of these. [ ]
B. Choose the correct option to fill in the blanks.
1. There are (four/five) main component of
food.
2. Minerals are needed in (large/small)
amount by our body.
3. Roughage include mostly (water/fibre).
4. Junk food contains high amount of (sugar/roughage).
5. It is (important/not important) to eat a
balance diet.
C. Give two examples of the following.
1. Vitamin-rich foods.
= Vegetables and fruits.
2. Carbohydrate-rich food.
= Rice and wheat.
3. Junk foods.
= Pizza and Burger.
4. Fermented foods.
= Dosa and idli.
5. Foods to prevent anaemia.
= Spinach and Lentils.
D. Name the following.
1. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals are known as nutrients.
2. The nutrient needed for muscling-building in our body is Protein.
3. A disease caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C Scurvy.
4. Protein deficiency in our body results in Kwashiorkor.
5. Excessive weight gain leads to obesity.
Section 2
E. Short answer questions:
1. Why do we need food?
= We need food to stay alive.
2. Name the major minerals present in our body.
Also discuss their roles in brief.
= The major minerals present in our body are iron,
calcium, iodine, phosphorus etc;
They are needed in small amounts for keeping the body healthy.
3. Why should roughage be present in our diet?
= It helps in the easy passage of food through our digestive system and prevents constipation.
4. Why do children need a protein rich diet?
= Children need a protein rich diet to help in the overall development of their bodies and minds.
5. What kind of diet does an adult person need?
= An adult person needs a diet that has less carbohydrates and fats to prevent them from gaining weight.
6. How does balanced diet help in the growth and
development of the mind?
= A balanced diet helps in in improving memory concentration and allows us to focus better on our day to day activity.
7. Write any three harmful effects of junk food.
= Three harmful effects of junk food are - i) weight gain and obesity; ii) lack of energy; and iii) poor digestion.
8. Why should we also include fermented food in our
diet?
= We should include fermented food in our diet because fermented food contains many useful bacteria that help in the process of digestion.
9. How is anaemia caused?
= Anaemia is caused due to lack of iron in our diet.
10. What are the symptoms of night blindness?
= Inability to see at night or in poor light.
F. Long answer questions:
1. Describe the importance of eating a balanced
diet.
= The importance of eating a balanced diet are -
i) Growth and development of the body:- It helps in
the proper growth and development of children. It also provides energy to all
the body parts so that they can perform their functions properly.
ii) Growth and development of mind:- It helps in
improving memory, concentration and allows us to focus better on the day-to-day
activities.
iii) Maintain an ideal body weight:- It helps in
maintaining an ideal body weight. It helps in preventing weight gain.
iv) Prevent diseases:- It also prevents diseases caused due to lack of nutrients.
2. List the various ways to make our diet
healthier.
= The various ways to make our diet healthy are -
i) Use less sugar and salt while cooking food.
ii) Use less oil while cooking.
iii) Eat fruits as they provide important minerals.
iv) Eat lots of green vegetables and sprouted gram
and moong dal.
v) Add fibre to your diet.
vi) Eat lots of salad and yogurt.
vii) Eat fermented food.
3. Differentiate between Lifestyle diseases and
deficiency diseases:
=
|
Lifestyle
diseases |
Deficiency
diseases |
|
i) Bad food
habits and unhealthy lifestyle causes lifestyle diseases. |
i) Regular
lack of a particular nutrient in the diet may cause deficiency diseases. |
|
ii) Example
- obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes etc; |
ii) Example -
night blindness, anaemia, rickets etc; |
4. Discuss in detail the ways in which we can
prevent lifestyle diseases:
= The ways in which we can prevent lifestyle
diseases are -
i) Drink at least 8 glasses of water everyday.
ii) Avoid stress as much as possible.
iii) Avoid sitting or lying down for a long period
of time.
iv) Lead an active life.
v) Set a healthy sleeping routine for every day.
vi) Avoid spending too much time indoors.
vii) Exercise regularly.
viii) Eat a balanced diet.
5. Write the symptoms, causes and prevention of any
two deficiency diseases.
=
|
Diseases |
Symptoms |
Causes |
Prevention |
|
Anaemia |
Feeling of weakness
or fatigue. |
Lack of iron in the
diet. |
Eat spinach,
apples, guavas, jaggery and meat. |
|
Night Blindness |
Inability to see at
night. |
Lack of vitamin A. |
Eat papaya,
carrots, mangoes, milk, butter and egg yolk. |
6. Give common examples of food adulteration.
= Common examples of food adulteration are -
i) Addition of water to milk.
ii) Chocolate powder, marble chips, stone chips and
harmful colours mixed with the cereals and pulses.
iii) Turmeric powder and chili powder are often
mixed with lead pigments.