Operating System(OS) and Graphical User Interface(GUI)-Role and Function
1. What is Operating System?
= The Operating System is the set of programs that manages the resources, processes commands and controls the execution of programs. It acts as an interface between the user and the hardware.
2. Why do we need an Operating System?
= We need an Operating System to run the computer system and other programs, manage and coordinate different activities, and use various application softwares.
3. Write some advantages of operating system.
= The advantages of operating system are -
i) Boots the computer.
ii) Provides a user interface.
iii) Recognises input from the keyboard.
iv) Sends output to the monitor.
v) Keeps track of files.
vi) Controls peripheral devices.
vii) Organises file storage.
viii) Maintains security.
4. What is the relationship between user and hardware?
= It is very natural that for effective running of the computer, there must be a relationship between the user and the computer hardware which includes the physical parts of a computer because it is the user who operates the computer. This relationship between the user and hardware is established through the operating system. Every computer must have an operating system so that the user can work with the computer and other programs. Operating system provides a user interface, that is how a user interacts with a computer.
5. What are the basic parts of an operating system? Define them.
= The basic parts of an operating system are as follow -
i) Kernel:- It is the inner core of the operating system and is responsible for managing and controlling computers and is responsible for managing and coordinating computer resources.
ii) Shell:- It is the outer part of an Operating System and is responsible for interacting with the operating system.
6. Write the four main function of an Operating System and describe them.
= The four main functions of an Operating System are -
i) Boots the computer:- The operating system is the first program loaded on the memory of the computer and boots the computer system.
ii) Provides a user interface ..... i. e. how a user interact with a computer:- When memory space is not required anymore, the operating system provides a user interface.
iii) Reorganises input from the keyboard:- The operating system reorganises the input from the keyboard through the Kernel.
iv) Sends output to monitor:- The Kernel of the Operating System sends output to monitor, after processing.
7. Differentiate between single and multi-user operating system.
= The differences between single and multi-user operating system are as follows-
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8. What do you mean by Real-time and Time-sharing Operating System?
= Real-time Operating System:- It is an Operating System that accepts random enquiries from remote location and provides an instantaneous response. It is dynamic in nature. Example - Linux.
Time-Sharing Operating System:- It is an Operating System that allows multiple-users access in a single-operating system. It is found in mini or micro computers. Example-Unix.