Urbanisation
1. Match the following:
=
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a. Light House Cities |
Suffer from energy crisis, waste disposal problems, pollution. [b] |
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b. Overcrowded cities |
Satellite towns. [c] |
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c. Rajarhat, Vashi, Ghaziabad |
Example of urbanization during the Industrial Revolution. [d] |
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d. Birmingham |
First 20 smart cities. [a] |
2. State whether the following sentences are true or false.
a. Paris and Zurich are smart cities. [T]
b. Mohali, Gurugram, CBD Belapur and Yelahanka are examples of satellite towns. [T]
c. Urban life is full of luxury and leisure, therefore people remain healthy and happy. [T]
d. Cities provide better jobs, higher incomes, better education and living style. [T]
e. Agriculture needs required a large labour force during the Green Revolution, therefore villages became highly populated. [F]
f. Rate of urbanisation in the world is more rapid in the western part of the world than in the east. [F]
3. Name the following:
a. Cities that grow on the periphery of big cities.
= Satellite towns.
b. Cities that manage their efficiency of linking people, place and technology through urban informatics.
= Smart Cities.
c. The technology/concept in which multiple devices can be connected to the Internet with a simple 'on' and 'off'.
= Internet of things.
4. Answer the following in one or two sentences.
a) What is urbanization?
= Urbanization refers to the process of increase in urban population and urban areas in a country.
b) What kind of changes are brought about due to urbanisation?
= Urbanisation create social, economic, cultural and environmental changes. It also creates change in settlement patterns.
c) How has industrialisation lead to urbanisation?
= Industrialisation was the first major cause of urban growth. With the rise of industries and subsequent industrial employment, people migrated from the rural areas and started living closer to their workplaces to to reduce the cost of commuting. This resulted in the growth of better roads, other means of transport and communication, infrastructure, health and educational facilities.
d) What are the Social factors that lead to shift in the rural population to urban areas?
= Social factors such as improved living condition, better educational facilities and health facilities and rise in social status induce people to move to cities.
e) What condition in rural areas led people to move to large cities?
= Lower income basically from agriculture is the reason people move from rural areas to large cities in search of better jobs and higher incomes to sustain their families.
f) What are the advantages of urbanization?
= The advantages of urbanization are -
Increase in improved housing facilities.
Growth of educational and health facilities.
Growth of service sectors which fetch higher incomes.
Increase in the variety of job prospects.
Availability of labour force.
Increase in standard of living.
Improved transport and communication facilities.
g) Enlist the problems of an overcrowded city.
= Overcrowded cities suffer from traffic congetion and air water and land pollution. The urban waste find its way to the water bodies, which can no longer be used as a safe source of drinking water.
h) Why were satellite towns useful?
= Satellite towns causes decongetion. It provide job opportunities, better housing and lees polluted environment to live in.
i) Name a few satellite towns in India.
= A few satellite towns in India are - Pimpri by the side of Pune, Mohali by the side of Chandigarh, Rajarhat Salt Lake City by the side of Kolkata etc;
j) What are smart cities?
= Smart cities have facilities that use urban informatics and technology to improve the efficiency of services for an improved quality of life. Example - Amsterdam, Barcelona, Stockholm and New York etc;
k) How do smart cities aim to be sustainable?
= Smart cities aim to be more sustainable in the process providing smart movement, energy, buildings, education, health facilities, economy and governance.
5. Thought-provoking questions:
a) Do you think smart cities will help us live a sustainable life? Explain.
= Smart cities provide smart movement, energy, building, education, health facilities, economy and governance. So, I think smart cities definitely will help us live a sustainable life.
b) How can overcrowding in cities be managed?
= Overcrowding in cities can be managed by building new satellite towns beside the big cities.