Natural Disaster
(My World and I)
A. Fill in the blanks.
1. Floods happen when there is heavy rain and water overflow.
2. A drought is when there is little or no rain for a long time.
3. A cyclone forms over the sea and has strong winds moving in a circle.
4. In a landslide, rock and soil become loose and fall down the slope of a hill.
5. An earthquake can be strong or mild depending on how strong the wind moves.
6. A volcanic eruption throws out gas and molten rock from inside the earth.
B. Match the following.
=
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A |
B |
|---|---|
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1.Plastic and garbage |
a. ruined crops due to drought or flood. [2] |
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2.Food shortages |
b. Contaminated water. [3] |
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3.Waterborne diseases |
c. Flood, landslide, earthquake, cyclone. [4] |
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4.Destruction of life and property |
d. Block drains and waterways. [1] |
C. State the following statements are true or false.
1. Farmers are badly affected with both floods and droughts. [T]
2. Fisherman can go out to sea even during a cyclone. [F]
3. A major reason for landslides is deforestation. [T]
4. Scientists are able to predict when an earthquake will happen. [T]
5. A tsunami is huge high wave in the sea, often caused by an earthquake. [T]
6. When the pressure of hot gases and molten rocks within the earth becomes very great, there can be a volcanic eruption. [T]
D. Choose the correct answer.
1. The government issues/does not issue warnings before some disasters are about to happen.
2. Electrical equipment is safe/should be disconnected if there is a flood or heavy rain.
3. Molten rocks escape through the vent/lava during a volcanic eruption.
4. Emergency supplies should be kept ready/are easily available if there is a natural disaster.
E. Answer the following questions.
1. What is a natural disaster?
= Natural disasters are events in nature that are big, spread over a large area and cause loss of life and property.
2. Explain the importance of rainwater harvesting in the case of a drought.
= Rainwater harvesting, where water that falls on the ground is collected for use, is also useful. In some places, traditional rainwater harvesting methods have helped to increase groundwater levels, which are then helpful in times of drought.
3. What is the epicentre of an earthquake?
= The place on the surface of the earth where the earthquake is strongest is called the epicentre.
4. Why can earthquakes can also cause landslides?
= Earthquake in the mountains can also cause landslides.
5. How are people made aware about the possibility of a natural disaster?
= When disasters are likely to happen, the government warns the people and also makes arrangements to rescue disaster hit people. This has helped in saving lives, but often the damage to property and crops can not be prevented.
6. What is a drought?
= A drought happens when there is little or no rain for a long time. Crops can not grow and there is no water for the daily life of people.
7. What are the precautions of flood?
= Rivers and city drains should not be choked by throwing plastic and other rubbish. Knowing the flood pattern of an area, and also knowing if it has been raining heavily along the course of the river, will help in being prepared. Since electric equipment can cause accidents if it is exposed to water, it is important to disconnect all electrical equipment.
8. What are the precautions to prevent landslides?
= It is important to ensure the trees in the mountains are not cut as their roots hold the soil. It is also important to be watchful during very wet weather, so that people can move to safe places if a landslide is likely to occur.