India : Human Resources
Query Corner
1. Fill in the blanks:
a. Human beings who possess productive skills and abilities are called human resources.
b. Human capital improves the productivity of all other resources.
c. Countries with high Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), poor life expectancy, high birth rate, and high death rate have poor development.
d. Unhealthy population is a liability for the nation.
e. The total income from the production of all goods and services in the country contributes to the national income.
2. State whether the following statements are 'true' or 'false'.
a. Education not only imparts skills, but also enriches values in human beings. [T]
b. Population study is important for a country as the utilisation or over utilisation of resources is not dependent on the size of population. [F]
c. The population of India is very unevenly distributed. [T]
d. Death rate is higher in developing countries due to poor healthcare facilities. [T]
e. The rural population of India is low in comparison to urban population. [F]
3. Differentiate between the following.
a. Skilled and unskilled human resources.
=
|
Skilled Human Resources |
Unskilled Human Resources |
|---|---|
|
i. People with knowledge and training are called skilled human resources. |
i. People who are neither trained to perform any productive work nor
are educated are called unskilled human resources. |
|
ii. They produce goods and services and thereby contribute to the
economic growth of the country. |
ii. They perform any odd jobs to make a living. |
|
iii. The teachers, trainers, counsellors and principal in our school
are all skilled human resources. |
iii. Cleaners, rickshaw pullers and vendors on the street are
unskilled human resources. |
b. Crude birth rate and crude death rate.
=
|
Crude Birth Rate |
Crude Death Rate |
|---|---|
|
i. It is the number of births of live children per 1000 people in a
year. |
i. It is the number of deaths per 1000 people in a year. |
|
ii. Increasing birth rate is a major component of population growth. |
ii. A declining death rate would increase the population growth. |
c. Rural and urban population.
=
|
Rural Population |
Urban Population |
|---|---|
|
i. Rural population is high. |
i. Urban population is low. |
|
ii. People are more or less engaged in agriculture or agro-based
industries. |
ii. People are engaged in non-agricultural activities. |
|
iii. People tend to move from rural to urban regions in search of
jobs. |
iii. People generally do not leave urban regions and move to rural
regions. |
4. Answer the following questions.
a. What are resources?
= The things which are useful to us and fulfil our needs, are termed as resources.
b. Name three things that are essential for human resources to be an asset for the country's economy.
= Three things that are essential for human resources to be an asset for the country's economy are - health, education and skill.
c. How does education help in creating human resources?
= Education is an indispensable condition for human resource development. It helps people to get job and earn a good income. People invest in higher education to get highly paid jobs. Education not only imparts skills, but also adds value in human beings. This further builds a progressive society and increases national income.
d. Who are skilled and unskilled people?
= People with the knowledge and training are able to produce goods and services and thereby contribute to the economic growth of the country. Such people are termed as skilled. The teachers, trainers, counsellors and principals in our school are all skilled human resources.
On the other hand, cleaners, rickshaw pullers and vendors on the street are unskilled. They are neither trained to perform any productive work nor are educated. They perform any odd jobs to make a living. Their income is poor and irregular.
e. Explain the impact of skilled human resources on the socioeconomic development.
= Skilled human resources add to the productive capacity and generation of income. This in turn enables solving the problem of poverty and improvement in the quality of life. The services that there people provide benefit the society. The farmers who grow crops with advanced technology are able to solve the problem of food insecurity and ensure food for all. The lawyers too provide justice for all and the police officers who maintain law and order are all skilled human resources benefitting the society. Educated citizens are able to influence their society and turn more people into human resources.
5. Thought-provoking questions.
a. How do skilled people contribute to the society?
= Skill is the ability to do a work with the help of training, expertise and practice. The skilled people are with knowledge and training to produce goods and services and thereby contribute to the economic growth of the country. Skilled people are able to influence their society and turn more people into human resources.
b. How do we maintain quality population?
= There should be no gender and caste discrimination. Each one should respect the other irrespective of caste, creed and religion. This will lead to cultural growth and enrichment.
c. How does migration lead to changes in population?
= Migration refers to the movement of people. It can be within the country or may lead to movement to other countries. It can lead to major changes in population. It is due to better opportunities in other regions that people would like to migrate. People who come to settle from other regions or countries are called immigrant population. They increases the population of the host country and reduces the population of their home country. The outgoing people from their own country are called emigrant population.
Resources and development are linked through human begins. Without their skill and expertise, most resources would not have been discovered, developed and utilised. So, human beings are treated as a resource themselves. Human resources are the most superior of all resources as it is human ingenuity and skill that makes resources out of anything. It is the human resources that made rocks, minerals, wind and water useful for us. For example, diamond in the rock form is not a resource. The miner and the gemcutter turn the diamond into a valuable natural resource. Human resources are unevenly distributed throughout the world.