Kingdom Classification II
(Classification of Animals)
Exercises
SECTION I
A. Name the following.
1. Animals that do not have backbone.
= Invertebrates;
2. Phylum that consists of animals that have soft, flattened leaf-like bodies.
= Platyhelminthes;
3. Organisms having hard exoskeleton made up of chitin.
= Arthropoda;
4. Special organ for movement in echinoderms.
= Tube feet;
5. The phylum to which roundworms belong.
= Nematoda;
6. Cold blooded animals with scaly body.
= Reptiles;
B. Choose the correct option.
1. Which of the following is an animal with a body covered with pores?
a. Hydra. [ ]
b. Sponge. [✓]
c. Scorpion. [ ]
d. Cockroach.
2. Which of the following animals is not an invertebrate?
a. Earthworm. [ ]
b. Snake. [✓]
c. Snail. [ ]
d. Roundworm. [ ]
3. Body divided and covered with chitin is the characteristic feature of this animal.
a. Starfish. [ ]
b. Cockroach. [✓]
c. Snail. [ ]
d. Tapeworm. [ ]
4. Tapeworm and Ascaris are examples of
a. Saprophytes. [ ]
b. Scavengers. [ ]
c. Parasites. [✓]
d. Decomposers. [ ]
5. All insects belong to this phylum.
a. Arthropoda. [✓]
b. Cnidaria. [ ]
c. Nematoda. [ ]
d. Annelida. [ ]
C. Match the following.
=
|
Column A |
Column B |
|---|---|
|
1.Sponges |
a. Mammal. [5] |
|
2. Tapeworm |
b. Fish. [4] |
|
3. Earthworm |
c. Reptile. [ ] |
|
4. Shark |
d. Porifera. [1] |
|
5. Whale |
e. Flatworm. [2] |
|
|
f. segmented worm. [3] |
|
|
g. roundworm. [ ] |
D. Fill in the blank spaces with appropriate word.
1. The body of Poriferans is covered with pores(pouches/pores).
2. Hydra, sponges, and worms are invertebrates as they do not have a backbone(backbone/chitin).
3. Salamander is an amphibian(amphibian/arthropod).
4. In cold-blooded(warm-blooded/cold-blooded) animals, the body temperature changes with the surrounding temperature.
5. Whale is an aquatic mammal(fish/mammal).
E. Choose the odd one out and give reasons for your choice:
1. Cockroach, honey bee, Hydra, scorpion
= Odd - Hydra. It is from Cnidaria and the rest are from Arthropoda.
2. Shark, rohu, jellyfish, goldfish.
= Odd - jellyfish. It is from Cnidaria. But the rest are from Pisces.
3. Frog, cockroach, fish, dog.
= Odd - cockroach. It is invertebrate. But the others are vertebrates.
4. Snakes, frog, lizard, crocodile.
= Odd - frog. It is amphibian. The others are reptiles.
5. Oyster, starfish, snail, mussel.
= Odd - starfish. It is from Echinodermata. The others are from Mollusca.
SECTION II
F. State the main functions of the following:
1. Sucker.
= Helps Platyhelminthes to grip the body of the host.
2. Chaetae.
= Helps Annelida in locomotion.
3. Gills.
= Helps Pisces to breathe.
4. Tentacles.
= Helps Cnidaria in movement and in catching prey.
5. Tube feet.
= Help Echinodermata to move.
G. Differentiate between the following pair of words based on what is given in the bracket.
1. Hydra and jellyfish. (shape)
= Hydra has vase-like shape but jellyfish has bowl-like shape.
2. Planaria and earthworm. (body type)
= Planaria has flat body but earthworm has segmented body.
3. Invertebrate and vertebrate. (example)
= Example of invertebrate are - worms, insects, snails, and starfish. But examples of vertebrates are - fish, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians etc.
4. Fish and bird. (organ for locomotion)
= Fish move through fins and their tail but bird move through their wings and legs.
5. Arthropoda and Echinodermata. (body covering)
= The body of Arthropoda have a hard, outer covering or exoskeleton made up of a proteinaceous substance called chitin. But the body of Echinodermata is covered with spines.
G. Short answer questions.
1. Give two examples of phylum Cnidaria.
= Two examples of phylum Cnidaria are - Hydra and Jellyfish.
2. What are cold-blooded animals? Name any two cold-blooded animals.
= Pisces(Fish), Amphibians, Reptiles are cold-blooded animals.
Two cold-blooded animals are - frog and snake.
3. Why is frog called an amphibian?
= Frog is called an amphibian as it can live both on land and in water.
4. What are important features of an arthropod?
= Important features of an arthropod are - their body is divided into a head, thorax, and abdomen. It bears jointed legs in pairs of three to many for locomotion.
5. What are the characteristic feature of mammals?
= Mammals are mostly terrestrial animals. Their body is covered with fur or hair. They are warm-blooded animals. They give birth to young ones. The females bear mammary glands and feed their young ones with milk. They have two pair of limbs.
I. Long answer questions.
1. Name the two broad groups of Kingdom Animalia. Mention the different sub-groups within each group and give examples of each.
= The two broad groups of Kingdom Animalia are - Invertebrates and Vertebrates.
Invertebrates are further divided into eight major phyla.
i. Porifera - Example - Scypha and Euspongia.
ii. Cnidaria - Example - Hydra and Jellyfish.
iii. Platyhelminthes - Example - Tapeworm and Planaria.
iv. Nematoda - Example - Ascaris and Hookworms.
v. Annelida - Example - Leeches and Earthworm.
vi. Arthropoda - Example - Honeybees and Scorpions.
vii. Mollusca - Example - Snails and Oysters.
viii. Echinodermata - Example - Starfish and Urchins.
There are five prominent group of animals under vertebrates:
i. Pisces (Fish) -Example - Shark and Salmon.
ii. Amphibian - Example - Frog and Salamanders.
iii. Reptiles - Example - Snakes and Lizards.
iv. Aves (birds) - Example - Sparrows and Pigeons.
v. Mammals - Example - Dogs and Cats.
2. What are the two forms of cnidarian? How are they similar/different?
= Cnidarians may exist in either of two forms: one that is attached to the ocean floor and the other that is free-floating.
The attached form has a vase-like shape, with the upper edges of the vase surrounded by long, slender, filament-like projections known as tentacles, e.g. Hydra.
The free-living form has an inverted bowl-like shape, with the lower edges bearing tentacles, e.g., jellyfish. Tentacles aid in movement and in catching prey.
3. Compare the basic features of the three types of worms.
=
|
Flatworms |
Roundworms |
Segmented worms |
|---|---|---|
|
1.They have soft, flattened, and leaf-like or ribbon-like bodies. |
1. They have a long, thin, and cylindrical unsegmented body. |
1. They have a long, cylindrical body that is divided into ring-like
segments called annuli. |
|
2. Flatworms mostly live as parasites inside the body of animals and
human beings. |
2. Roundworms are mostly parasites that live inside the digestive
track of human beings and herbivorous animals. Some also live in the soil or
water. |
2. They are mostly free-living
worms that live in the soil or water. |
|
3. They have hooks and sucker on their head around the mouth. |
3. They have a tube-like digestive system with a mouth at one end of
the body and an anus, at the end. |
3. They have bristle-like structures called chaetae on the underside
of their bodies. |
4. List the similarities and differences between a fish and a bird?
= The similarities between a fish and a bird are - Both of them have streamlined body. Their forelimbs are modified into fins and wings respectively.
The differences between a fish and a bird are - Birds fly. Fish swim. Birds have wings and fish have fins. Fish breathe through gills and birds breathe through lungs.
5. What are the distinct features of mammals not found in the other group of animals?
= The distinct features of mammals not found in the other group of animals are -
❐ Mammals are mostly terrestrial animals.
❐ Their body is covered with fur or hair. They are warm-blooded animals.
❐ They give birth to young ones.
❐ The females bear mammary glands and feed their young ones with milk.
❐ They have two pairs of limbs.
❐ They breathe through lungs.
PICTURE STUDY
1.
a. Identify the three animals shown in figures 1,2, and 3. Name the group to which they belong.
= 1 - Tapeworm (Group - Platyhelminthes);
2 - Ascaris (Group - Nematoda);
3 - Earthworm (Group - Annelida);
b. Which amongst the above animals are parasites?
= Tapeworm and Ascaris are parasites.
c. Which of the above animals bear 'chaetae'?
= Earthworm bear 'chaetae'.
d. Give two points of difference between figures 1 and 2.
=
|
Tapeworm |
Ascaris |
|---|---|
|
1.They have soft, flattened, and leaf-like or ribbon-like bodies. |
1. They have a long, thin, and cylindrical unsegmented body. |
|
2. Flatworms mostly live as parasites inside the body of animals and
human beings. |
2. Roundworms are mostly parasites that live inside the digestive
track of human beings and herbivorous animals. Some also live in the soil or
water. |
2. The pictures 1 and 2 below represent animals belonging to two groups of invertebrates. Answer the following questions.
a. Identify the animals in 1 and 2 and name the group to which they belong.
= 1 - Sea Sponge (Group - Porifera);
2 - Hydra (Group - Cnidaria);
b. What is the habitat of these animals?
= They are mostly marine animals. They live under the sea.
c. What is the purpose of the following structures?
i. The large pore in animal 1.
= Water and food enter the body cavity through pores.
ii. The filament-like structure projecting from the upper part in animal 2.
= They help in movement and catching prey.
d. Based on differences in body structure, which animal will you considered more evolved and why?
= I think Hydra is more evolved than Sea Sponge because Hydra can move but Sea Sponge is found attached to the ocean floor and cannot move.
3. Identify the animals below and write the group to which each of them belongs. Mention the reason for which the organism is assigned to that group.
Name = Salmon;
Group = Pisces (Fish);
Reason = They have a scaly, streamlined body. They swim with the help of fins and breathe through gills.
Name = Hydra;
Group = Cnidaria;
Reason = There is an opening representing the mouth at one end leading to a single hollow body cavity.
Name = Garden Lizard;
Group = Reptile;
Reason = They have a very dry and scaly body. They breathe through lungs.
Name = Pigeon;
Group = Aves (Birds);
Reason = They can fly. They have a streamlined body covered with feathers.
Name = Jellyfish;
Group = Cnidaria;
Reason = They have an inverted bowl-like shape, with the lower edges bearing tentacles.
Name = Snail;
Group = Mollusca;
Reason = They have a hard shell covering their bodies. They have a soft unsegmented body that can be divided into three parts: head, visceral mass, and a muscular foot.