Specialised Agencies of the United Nations (UN) (Longman Pearson)
Review Exercise
I. Answer these questions.
1. Mention when and why the UNICEF was established.
= The UNICEF was established in December 1946 by the UN General Assembly. Its headquarters is in New York. The words 'international' and 'emergency' were dropped from the name of the agency in 1953 and thus, it became United Nations Children's Fund.
2. What are the aims of the UNICEF?
= Some of the aims of the UNICEF are listed here :
❐ It assists young mothers to take care of their babies by providing guidance to use nutritious food and immunisation.
❐ It tries to ensure the rights of the children to enjoy their childhood by campaigning against hunger and poverty - which lead to child labour and exploitation.
❐ It has set up child care centres. Its offices help governments all over the world to carry out its mission. All the developing nations get guidance from the UNICEF to drive away the ills that cause their children to suffer.
3. State the difference between the WHO and the UNESCO.
=
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WHO |
UNESCO |
|---|---|
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1. It was established in 1948. |
1. It was established in 1945. |
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2. It has its headquarters at Geneva in Switzerland. |
2. It has its headquarters at Paris in France. |
|
3. It has health related challenges world wide as its aim. |
3. It has promoting universal peace spread of education world wide as
its main aim. |
4. What is the full form of ILO? Where is the headquarters of the ILO located?
= The full form of ILO is International Labour Organisation.
The headquarters of ILO is located in Geneva, Switzerland.
5. What are the main objectives of the ILO?
= The main objectives of the ILO are :
❐ To ensure livelihood by providing training in many small-scale fields to the people of the member nations.
❐ To prepare international labour standards for the member states as guidelines.
❐ To encourage decent employment opportunities.
❐ To enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue on work-related issues.
❐ To obtain recognition and respect for the rights of workers.
❐ To ensure that women and men are provided with working conditions that are safe, are given adequate free time and rest, family and social values are preserved, are compensated adequately in case of lost or reduced income and permitted access to adequate healthcare.
6. What is the FAO? Mention its main functions and achievements.
= FAO is the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the UN. It has its headquarters in Rome. It was set up in 1945.
Its achievements are :
❐ It works towards raising the living standards and the nutrition levels of the people all over the world.
❐ It ensures improvement in agriculture, soil, water management, livestock and production through investment.
❐ The FAO also extends help to many countries in times of emergency food situations.
7. When was the WHO established? Where is its headquarters?
= The WHO was established on 7 April 1948.
Its headquarters is at Geneva in Switzerland.
8. What are the aims of the WHO?
= The aims of Who are :
❐ To provide health education.
❐ To ensure proper distribution of food and nutrition.
❐ Ensuring good health of mothers and children and better family planning.
❐ safe guarding against major diseases such as small pox and malaria and preventing other minor diseases and ailment.
❐ Facilitating proper treatment of injuries.
❐ Providing life-saving drugs to common people.
❐ Promoting research to cure and prevent diseases world wide.
❐ Providing safe drinking water.
9. Write a short note on the UNDP.
= The UNDP is the largest agency of the UN in the world.
The main aims of the UNDP are :
❐ It promotes technical and investment cooperation among nations.
❐ It ensures development in various activities such as fishing, mining, farming and forestry. However, the UNDP offers to assist only if the governments of the different nations request it to do so.
Thus, we can see that the UN, with its specialised agencies, has been fairly successful in promoting peace and security in the world. India has also received a lot of assistance for the development of its economy, society and culture from the UN through these agencies.
II. Write short notes.
1. ILO.
= The full form of ILO is International Labour Organisation.
The headquarters of ILO is located in Geneva, Switzerland.
The main objectives of the ILO are :
❐ To ensure livelihood by providing training in many small-scale fields to the people of the member nations.
❐ To prepare international labour standards for the member states as guidelines.
❐ To encourage decent employment opportunities.
❐ To enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue on work-related issues.
❐ To obtain recognition and respect for the rights of workers.
❐ To ensure that women and men are provided with working conditions that are safe, are given adequate free time and rest, family and social values are preserved, are compensated adequately in case of lost or reduced income and permitted access to adequate healthcare.
2. Aims of the WHO.
= The aims of Who are :
❐ To provide health education.
❐ To ensure proper distribution of food and nutrition.
❐ Ensuring good health of mothers and children and better family planning.
❐ safe guarding against major diseases such as small pox and malaria and preventing other minor diseases and ailment.
❐ Facilitating proper treatment of injuries.
❐ Providing life-saving drugs to common people.
❐ Promoting research to cure and prevent diseases world wide.
❐ Providing safe drinking water.
3. Aims of the UNESCO.
= These are some objectives or aims of the UNESCO.
❐ It promotes collaboration among nations in the educational, scientific and cultural fields.
❐ It provides the developing nations with financial assistance for free education to all their citizens. It has striven for the eradication of illiteracy in the different parts of the world.
❐ It is also committed towards preserving world heritage sites and provides technical advice, assistance and equipment as well as funds to maintain monuments and works of art worldwide.
III. Fill in the blanks.
1. The UNICEF has its headquarters at New York.
2. The UNICEF was awarded the prestigious Nobel Peace Prize in 1965.
3. The UNESCO was established in 1945 and its headquarters is located in Paris.
4. The FAO runs a campaign called Food for All, to eradicate food scarcity in the developing parts of the world.
5. The ILO was created in 1919 and its headquarters is situated in Geneva, Switzerland.
6. UNDP is the largest agency of the UN in the world.
7. The headquarters of the FAO is in Rome.
8. The World Health Day is celebrated every year on 7 April.
IV. Match the columns.
=
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1. World Health Day |
a. heritage monuments. [4] |
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2. WHO |
b. 7 April. [1] |
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3. FAO |
c. won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1969. [5] |
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4. UNESCO |
d. Food for All. [3] |
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5. ILO |
e. worldwide awareness against AIDS. [2] |