Weather and Climate
Theme 3 : The Earth - Its Geographical Features (My Watch Tower Social Studies)
Time to Camp - Exercises
A. Choose the correct answers and fill the OMR box.
1. Scientists who study the weather are known as __________ .
a. meteorologists. [✓]
b. physicists. [ ]
c. climatologists. [ ]
d. ophthalmologists. [ ]
2. Land breeze blows from the ________ .
a. sea. [ ]
b. mountain. [ ]
c. desert. [ ]
d. land. [✓]
3. Weather conditions are observed on a _________ basis.
a. daily. [✓]
b. monthly. [ ]
c. weekly. [ ]
d. yearly. [ ]
4. The places near the ________ receive vertical sunrays.
a. tropics. [ ]
b. Equator. [✓]
c. Poles. [ ]
d. coasts. [ ]
5. Loo blows in Northern India during the _________ season.
a. winter. [ ]
b. monsoon. [ ]
c. summer. [✓]
d. spring. [ ]
B. Match the columns.
=
|
A |
B |
|---|---|
|
1.winds blowing from the sea. |
a. coastal areas. [5] |
|
2. altitude. |
b. polar regions. [2] |
|
3. coldest places on earth. |
c. equatorial region. [4] |
|
4. hottest places on earth. |
d. above sea level. [2]` |
|
5. enjoys moderate climate. |
e. contains moisture. [1] |
C. Fill in the blanks.
1. Weather may change on a daily basis.
2. The altitude is the height of a place above sea level.
3. Places near the Poles receive slanting rays of the sun.
4. Long-term weather conditions of a place are referred to as the climate.
5. Temperature decreases with increasing altitude.
D. Answer these questions.
1. State the differences between weather and climate.
=
|
Weather |
Climate |
|---|---|
|
It is the daily condition of the atmosphere at a particular place. |
It is the average weather condition of a place over a long period of
time. |
|
It may change many times during the day. |
It changes after a long period of time. |
|
It affects the daily life of people. |
It affects food habits, housing, occupation and lifestyle of the
people of a place. |
2. Why are places near the Equator hotter than places near the Poles?
= Places situated near the Equator receive vertical rays of the Sun, therefore, the climate of these places is extremely hot. These rays also travel less distance through the Earth's atmosphere and being vertical, spread over a shorter distance, making them more intense.
As one moves away form the Equator towards the Poles, the rays of the Sun become more slanting and therefore the amount of heat received is lesser than at the Equator. These rays travel further through the Earth's atmosphere and lose some amount of heat. They also spread over a larger area over the Earth's surface and are less intense. The climate thus becomes cooler as one travels from Equator to Poles.
3. How does altitude of a place affect the climate?
= Altitude is the height of a particular place above the sea level. Temperature decreases with increasing altitude. Therefore, hills and mountains are cooler than the plains.
4. Differentiate between sea breeze and land breeze.
=
|
Sea Breeze |
Land Breeze |
|---|---|
|
1.It blows during day time. |
1. It blows during night time. |
|
2. Air above the sea rushes towards the land. |
2. Air above the land rushes towards the sea. |
5. How does winds and humidity affect the climate of a place?
= Affects of Winds :- Winds that blow from the sea often bring rain to the coast and dry weather to inland areas. Winds that blow from warm inland areas such as Africa will be warm and dry. Winds that blow from cold inland areas such as central Europe will be cold and dry in winter. Therefore, winds also affect the climate of a place to great extent.
Affects of Humidity :- The amount of water vapour present in the air is called humidity. The wind blowing from the sea contains a lot of moisture or water vapour making the climate of coastal areas humid. On humid days we feel hot and sweat a lot.
Picture Study
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
1. What type of wind movement is being shown here?
= Sea Breeze is being shown here.
2. Why does this occur?
= During the day time, land becomes hotter than the sea. The air above the land becomes warm and rises up. The cooler air above the sea rushes towards the land to take its place. This is called sea breeze.
3. How does it affect the climate of a place?
= This breeze is a daily occurrence beside the coastal area. It keeps the coastal areas cool during the day.